Since his disease was in the advanced stages, he was a leper a long time. And all the city was gathered together at the door. 3338 || So there would have been a need to distinguish Jesus baptismbaptism in the name of Jesusfrom all these other kinds of baptisms. 3056 || It can also be translated justice. The idea is that everything is working as it 1785 || GenesisExodusLeviticusNumbersDeuteronomyJoshuaJudgesRuth1 Samuel2 Samuel1 Kings2 Kings1 Chronicles2 ChroniclesEzraNehemiahEstherJobPsalmsProverbsEcclesiastesSong of SongsIsaiahJeremiahLamentationsEzekielDanielHoseaJoelAmosObadiahJonahMicahNahumHabakkukZephaniahHaggaiZechariahMalachiMatthewMarkLukeJohnActsRomans1 Corinthians2 CorinthiansGalatiansEphesiansPhilippiansColossians1 Thessalonians2 Thessalonians1 Timothy2 TimothyTitusPhilemonHebrewsJames1 Peter2 Peter1 John2 John3 JohnJudeRevelation. c. Be quiet, and come out of him! And there came a leper to him, beseeching him, and kneeling down to him, and saying unto him, If thou wilt, thou canst make me clean. i. They knew Jesus was the perfect (in whom I am well pleased) Son of God, identifying with sinful man. 5083 || They used long, fancy, elaborate, superstitious ceremonies and they often failed. Strong's Greek 90821 Occurrences 19 Occ. 2 Occ. WebMark 1:1-8 New International Version John the Baptist Prepares the Way 1 The beginning of the good news about Jesus the Messiah,[ a] the Son of God,[ b] 2 as it is written in Isaiah the prophet: I will send my messenger ahead of you, who will prepare your way[ c] 3 a voice of one calling in the wilderness, Prepare the way for the Lord, b. And he cried out, saying, Let us alone! 3. 5485 || Peters mother-in-law was suffering from what the Talmud called a burning fever. It was, and still is, very prevalent in that particular part of Galilee. Prophets similar meaning, and then meditating even more. New International Version, GenesisExodusLeviticusNumbersDeuteronomyJoshuaJudgesRuth1 Samuel2 Samuel1 Kings2 Kings1 Chronicles2 ChroniclesEzraNehemiahEstherJobPsalmsProverbsEcclesiastesSong of SongsIsaiahJeremiahLamentationsEzekielDanielHoseaJoelAmosObadiahJonahMicahNahumHabakkukZephaniahHaggaiZechariahMalachiMatthewMarkLukeJohnActsRomans1 Corinthians2 CorinthiansGalatiansEphesiansPhilippiansColossians1 Thessalonians2 Thessalonians1 Timothy2 TimothyTitusPhilemonHebrewsJames1 Peter2 Peter1 John2 John3 JohnJudeRevelation, Use semicolons to separate groups: 'Gen;Jdg;Psa-Mal' or 'Rom 3-12;Mat 1:15;Mat 5:12-22', There are options set in 'Advanced Options', The Whole Bible 3340 || This shows two things: i. b. GenesisExodusLeviticusNumbersDeuteronomyJoshuaJudgesRuth1 Samuel2 Samuel1 Kings2 Kings1 Chronicles2 ChroniclesEzraNehemiahEstherJobPsalmsProverbsEcclesiastesSong of SongsIsaiahJeremiahLamentationsEzekielDanielHoseaJoelAmosObadiahJonahMicahNahumHabakkukZephaniahHaggaiZechariahMalachiMatthewMarkLukeJohnActsRomans1 Corinthians2 CorinthiansGalatiansEphesiansPhilippiansColossians1 Thessalonians2 Thessalonians1 Timothy2 TimothyTitusPhilemonHebrewsJames1 Peter2 Peter1 John2 John3 JohnJudeRevelation. Jesus could no longer openly enter the city. Saying, Let [us] alone; what have we to do with thee, thou Jesus of Nazareth? Another indication that Mark wrote his Gospel for the Roman mind is that he uses more Latin words than any of the other Gospels. Instead, Jesus was baptized in keeping with His entire mission on earth: to do the will of the Father and to identify with sinful man. And they went into Capernaum; and straightway on the sabbath day he entered into the synagogue, and taught. One of the clearest results of modern critics study of the Gospels is the early date of Marks Gospel. The Luke verse and Mark 16:16 could refer to that kind of baptism as well. A man with an unclean spirit: In describing the man who was demon possessed, Mark used the same grammar Paul used to describe the Christians being in Christ (1 Corinthians 1:30). i. 769 || Another indication of Peters influence is the vivid, eyewitness detail of this Gospel. WebA. (Mark 1:41-45) Jesus cleanses the leper. This passage shows us many things about the prayer life of Jesus. And He was there in the wilderness forty days, tempted by Satan, and was with the wild beasts; and the angels ministered to Him. Jesus is the unique Son of God, who is also God the Son. Now after John was put in prison, Jesus came to Galilee. iv. Web(Mark 1:9-11) The baptism of Jesus. The New Testament Leprosy keeps eating away at the face until the nose, the palate, and even the eyes rot and the leper wastes away until he or she dies. John pointed to Jesus, not to himself. It speaks of a relationship of trust and dependence. Metanoia (theology 10:37 That word you know, which was published throughout all Judaea, and began from Galilee, after the baptism which John preached; The Gospels The ancient Greek word Jesus used for believe (pisteuo) means much more than knowledge or agreement in the mind. 1680 || c. Show yourself to the priest: Jesus told the former leper to go to the priests to carry out the ceremony the law required when a leper was cleansed. 3561 || First, this is the good news of Jesus, a genuine, historical person who walked this earth like other men. Web(Mark 1:9-13 KJV) Matthew Henrys Commentary We have here a brief account of Christs baptism and temptation, which were largely related to Matthew 3 and Matthew 4. If you have a website of your own, then please link to this website. 1588 || The scene also displayed great glory: d. And the Spirit descending upon Him like a dove: This wasnt just a fluttering cloud hovering above Jesus; it had the actual appearance of a dove. Thank you for registering. New American Standard Bible 2020, Their whole appearance was too repulsive, and they usually made people feel disgust instead of compassion. a. It was against Jewish ceremonial law to touch a leper. WebBoth verbs concern the immersing of vegetables in a solution. The reports of such festivals were called evangels in the inscriptions and papyri of the Imperial Age. Perhaps the only mention of him in the Gospel is a shadowy reference in Mark 14:51-52. b. Imploring Him, kneeling down to Him: Knowing how terrible the disease was, it does not surprise us that the leper was so desperate in his approach to Jesus. 1074 || Westminster Leningrad Codex, He prayed for His disciples. As a youth, he perhaps was part of the larger group that followed Jesus. c. Follow Me: With this invitation, Jesus shows what Christianity is all about: following Jesus. John did baptize in the wilderness, and preach the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins. Recognizing the value of consistent reflection upon the Word of God in order to refocus one's mind and heart upon Christ and His Gospel of peace, we provide several reading plans designed to cover the entire Bible in a year. Cookie Notice: There are also more Latin phrases and idioms like centurio (15:39), quadrans (12:42), flagellare (15:15), speculator (6:27), census (12:14), sextarius (7:4), praetorium (15:6), than in the other Gospels. (Robertson). Email / username or password was incorrect! He also didnt have to die on a cross in our place. But Simons wifes mother lay sick with a fever, and they told Him about her at once. b. The Bibles Tab is found in the Tools feature on Bible pages: Note: MLA no longer requires the URL as part of their citation standard. GenesisExodusLeviticusNumbersDeuteronomyJoshuaJudgesRuth1 Samuel2 Samuel1 Kings2 Kings1 Chronicles2 ChroniclesEzraNehemiahEstherJobPsalmsProverbsEcclesiastesSong of SongsIsaiahJeremiahLamentationsEzekielDanielHoseaJoelAmosObadiahJonahMicahNahumHabakkukZephaniahHaggaiZechariahMalachiMatthewMarkLukeJohnActsRomans1 Corinthians2 CorinthiansGalatiansEphesiansPhilippiansColossians1 Thessalonians2 Thessalonians1 Timothy2 TimothyTitusPhilemonHebrewsJames1 Peter2 Peter1 John2 John3 JohnJudeRevelation, Select a Beginning Point He too was restored in the end. Today, leprosy afflicts 15 million across the world, mostly in third world nations. Study Guide for Mark 1 by David Guzik - Blue Letter Bible They had never heard anyone teach quite like this before. GenesisExodusLeviticusNumbersDeuteronomyJoshuaJudgesRuth1 Samuel2 Samuel1 Kings2 Kings1 Chronicles2 ChroniclesEzraNehemiahEstherJobPsalmsProverbsEcclesiastesSong of SongsIsaiahJeremiahLamentationsEzekielDanielHoseaJoelAmosObadiahJonahMicahNahumHabakkukZephaniahHaggaiZechariahMalachiMatthewMarkLukeJohnActsRomans1 Corinthians2 CorinthiansGalatiansEphesiansPhilippiansColossians1 Thessalonians2 Thessalonians1 Timothy2 TimothyTitusPhilemonHebrewsJames1 Peter2 Peter1 John2 John3 JohnJudeRevelation, Use semicolons to separate groups: 'Gen;Jdg;Psa-Mal' or 'Rom 3-12;Mat 1:15;Mat 5:12-22', * 'Number Delimiters' only apply to 'Paragraph Order', There are options set in 'Advanced Options', The Whole Bible So far in the Gospel of Mark we see four witnesses, each testifying to the identity of Jesus. 1344 || (Mark 1:16-20) Four disciples are called. b. Individual instructors or editors may still require the use of URLs. i. Luke says this man was full of leprosy (Luke 5:12), meaning that the disease was in the advanced stages. (Mark 1:12-13) Jesus temptation in the wilderness, among the wild beasts. A verification email has been sent to the address you provided. Mark 16:16 gives a somewhat humorous viewpoint, connecting trust with having one's head held underwater. Matthew, Mark, and Luke all mention that when Jesus was baptized the heavens were opened, but only Mark uses the exact word choice that we find today. G908 - baptisma If you are in New York, and I tell you to come to Los Angeles, I dont really need to say Leave New York and come to Los Angeles. To come to Los Angeles is to leave New York, and if I havent left New York, I certainly cant come to Los Angeles. ii. Textus Receptus. This means there were more than 3 million people in the extended region. And straightway they forsook their nets, and followed him. Hebrew Word Studies Index || Search this website || ii. WebThe baptism has a specific purpose, to fulfill all righteousness. The word translated righteousness is the Greek word, (G1343pronounced: di-kai-oh-see-ni). Was the New Testament Written in Hebrew, Aramaic, or Greek? One other Rabbi didnt even allow a leper to wash his face. 3709 || iii. Did You come to destroy us? Mark 1:41 Many manuscripts Jesus was filled with compassion Matthew 28 Mark 2 Holy Bible, New International Version, NIV Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc. Repent, and believe in the gospel.. Webto cleanse by dipping or submerging, to wash, to make clean with water, to wash one's self, bathe. Would you prayerfully consider a gift of support today? When used in the New Testament, this word more often refers to our union and identification with Christ than to our water baptism. baptisma: (the result of) a dipping or sinking. Jesus didnt only perform for the crowds. Here, He ministered to one person in a private home. Greek Historical Books Yet He, having risen a long while before daylight, made less time for sleep and more time for prayer. Now as he walked by the sea of Galilee, he saw Simon and Andrew his brother casting a net into the sea: for they were fishers. Prophets Pentateuch They saw at a glance that the attack had not WebBoth scenes use the same Greek word for voice (phn): at the baptism, the voice from heaven quotes a psalm when speaking to Jesus (Mark 1:11, quoting Ps. He came baptizing, offering a ceremonial washing that confessed sin and did something to demonstrate repentance. The Greek word that he uses here is poimen, which means shepherd. In 1 Timothy 3:2, Paul gives Timothy the criteria for a bishop. The Greek worded used is episkoposm, the same word used for Jesus in 1 Peter 2:25. Three General Epistles Be quiet: Jesus often told demons to shut up. Nicander says that in order to make a pickle, the vegetable should first be 'dipped' (bapt) into boiling water and then 'baptised' (baptiz) in the vinegar solution. 4567 || WebSTRONGS G908: , -, , ( ), a word peculiar to N. T. and ecclesiastical writings, immersion, submersion; 1. used tropically of calamities and afflictions with which one is quite overwhelmed: Matthew 20:22f Rec. 1453 || 4. 602 || conservative Christian faith, which includes a firm belief in the inerrancy b. Mark 1:4 John came baptizing in the wilderness, and preaching the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins. At its root, Christianity is not about theological systems, rules, or even helping people it is about following Jesus. Septuagint, Why Don't We Baptize in the Name of Jesus? | Catholic Answers 3798 || 2378 || John came baptizing in the wilderness and preaching a baptism of repentance for the remission of sins. GenesisExodusLeviticusNumbersDeuteronomyJoshuaJudgesRuth1 Samuel2 Samuel1 Kings2 Kings1 Chronicles2 ChroniclesEzraNehemiahEstherJobPsalmsProverbsEcclesiastesSong of SongsIsaiahJeremiahLamentationsEzekielDanielHoseaJoelAmosObadiahJonahMicahNahumHabakkukZephaniahHaggaiZechariahMalachiMatthewMarkLukeJohnActsRomans1 Corinthians2 CorinthiansGalatiansEphesiansPhilippiansColossians1 Thessalonians2 Thessalonians1 Timothy2 TimothyTitusPhilemonHebrewsJames1 Peter2 Peter1 John2 John3 JohnJudeRevelation, Select a Beginning Point Jesus showed authority when the angels served Him. He was not the only one who tried to cast out demons. 4204 || acc-si-neu. i. We are Jesus possessed in the right sense, because His filling and influence is only for good. The New Testament 4559 || The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God: Every great story has a beginning, and Mark takes us to his beginning of the gospel. 11:30 The baptism of John, was it from heaven, or of men? Israel was in the wilderness 40 years. 230 || We dont know exactly what Jesus prayed for, but as much as anything, Jesus used this time of prayer for that close, intimate communion with God the Father that He longed for, which nourished and strengthened His soul. i. Web1 Concerning baptism, baptise thus: Having first rehearsed all these things, "baptise, in the Name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit," in running water; 2 but if thou hast no running water, baptise in other water, and if thou canst not in cold, then in warm. In the Old Testament, God said that when there were lepers among the people of Israel, they should be carefully quarantined and examined (Leviticus 13-14). I know thee who thou art, the Holy One of God. Surely the good qualities of successful fishermen would make for success in the difficult ministry of winning lost souls: courage, the ability to work together, patience, energy, stamina, faith, and tenacity. Jesus healed with the same authority that He used to cast out demons. In John 1:42, Jesus calls Simon Cephas, which is the Aramaic word for rock and equivalent in meaning to the Greek word Petros (hence Peter). And it came to pass in those days, that Jesus came from Nazareth of Galilee, and was baptized of John in Jordan. The Heavens Being Torn Open (Mark 1 I care not whether you pray in the street, or in the church, or in the barrack-room, or in the cathedral; but your heart must speak with God in secret, or you have not prayed. (Spurgeon), ii. a. Wisdom Literature Pauline Epistles Now after that John was put in prison, Jesus came into Galilee, preaching the gospel of the kingdom of God. It is the good news of the Christ (which simply means Messiah), the promised, anointed Savior of men. of Scripture. word And in the morning, rising up a great while before day, he went out, and departed into a solitary place, and there prayed. The Messiah would bring an immersion in the Holy Spirit that was greater than the immersion in water as a demonstration of repentance. Jesus taught with boldness. a. Clothed with camels hair and with a leather belt: In his personality and ministry, John the Baptist was patterned after the bold Elijah (2 Kings 1:8), who fearlessly called Israel to repentance. Poetical Books b. Luke-Acts Historical Books GenesisExodusLeviticusNumbersDeuteronomyJoshuaJudgesRuth1 Samuel2 Samuel1 Kings2 Kings1 Chronicles2 ChroniclesEzraNehemiahEstherJobPsalmsProverbsEcclesiastesSong of SongsIsaiahJeremiahLamentationsEzekielDanielHoseaJoelAmosObadiahJonahMicahNahumHabakkukZephaniahHaggaiZechariahMalachiMatthewMarkLukeJohnActsRomans1 Corinthians2 CorinthiansGalatiansEphesiansPhilippiansColossians1 Thessalonians2 Thessalonians1 Timothy2 TimothyTitusPhilemonHebrewsJames1 Peter2 Peter1 John2 John3 JohnJudeRevelation, Select a Beginning Point WebG907 - baptiz - Strong's Greek Lexicon (kjv) Lexicon :: Strong's G907 - baptiz Transliteration baptiz (Key) Pronunciation bap-tid'-zo Part of Speech verb Root Word In the cathedrals of Europe this motif is repeated again and again by carvings or paintings of each one of these creatures, typically with a book. The Gospels i. G907 - baptiz - Strong's Greek Lexicon (kjv) - Blue In this Gospel, Jesus seems the busiest, quickly moving from one event to another. Now is your time of opportunity. a. The people were accustomed to the use of magical formulae by the Jewish exorcists (Matthew 12:27; Acts 19:13), but here was something utterly different. (Robertson). 5. These two forms of baptism are completely different. Then they were all amazed, so that they questioned among themselves, saying, What is this? And immediately, coming up from the water, He saw the heavens parting and the Spirit descending upon Him like a dove. a. 652 || Marks Gospel throbs with life and bristles with vivid details. WebIn Mark 15:34, Jesus cries out on the cross, Eloi, Eloi, lema sabachthani, My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?which is an Aramaic translation of the Hebrew of Psalm 3. 2923 || Poetical Books It was because God used this disease as a striking example of sin and its effect on us. Also, doves are gentle, non-threatening birds, they do not resist, and they do not fight back. The idea was to fill in the holes and to knock down the hills that are in the way. 4561 || New English Translation, Major Prophets And Jesus rebuked him, saying, Hold thy peace, and come out of him. This bible study uses a Greek Unicode font and is printable. John preached Jesus, not himself. 21:25 The baptism of John, where was it from? On successive days there was repeated, first, Exodus 3:2, 3; second Exodus 3:4; and finally Exodus 3:5. WebMark 1:40 The Greek word traditionally translated leprosy was used for various diseases affecting the skin. He didnt ask to be healed, but cleansed. And immediately the Spirit driveth him into the wilderness. (Mark 1:36-39) The tour through the Galilee region. But the first is temporary. e. And the angels ministered to Him: The sense in Mark is that the angels ministered to Him at the end of this time of intense temptation. His baptism, which was his first public appearance, after he had long lived obscurely in Mark 1:45. As they got to know Him, they learned that whenever they could not find Him, He was probably off in solitary prayer. It is the key word in St. Mark's Gospel and is an adverb that can be translated as "immediately, now, at once, or straightaway." 86 || a. WebBoth scenes use the same Greek word for voice (phn): at the baptism, the voice from heaven quotes a psalm when speaking to Jesus (Mark 1:11, quoting Ps. Many believe Mark to be the first of the four Gospels written, and that it was written in Rome. ii. 4335 || WebThis Greek word is only found in the NT and later works. Jesus wanted to be alone, so He could pour out His heart to His Father. And straightway coming up out of the water, he saw the heavens opened, and the Spirit like a dove descending upon him: And there came a voice from heaven, [saying,] Thou art my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. 7:8 For laying aside the commandment of God, you hold the tradition of men, as the washing of pots and cups: and many other such like things you do. The KJV translates Strong's G907 in the following manner: baptize (76), wash(2x), baptist(1x), baptized(withG2258)(1x). scriptures need to be meditated on and notes made of their meaning in different contexts. 18:25 This man was instructed in the way of the Lord; and being fervent in the spirit, he spoke and taught diligently the things of the Lord, knowing only the baptism of John. 4102 || e.g. 2347 || So He came and took her by the hand and lifted her up, and immediately the fever left her. In Noahs flood, it rained for 40 days and 40 nights. Minor Prophets 25 || Morally victorious, He was Master of the creation beneath Him, and the angels ran upon His errands, for such is the real suggestiveness of the word. ii. Please Please copy and paste this word study link into Facebook and Twitter to all your friends who are interested in a Greek Word Study on baptism and give it a Google +. fully wet); used only (in the New Testament) of ceremonial ablution, Now was the time for them to encounter the kingdom of God. i. A calendar inscription from about 9 B.C., found in Priene in Asia Minor, says of the emperor Octavian (Augustus): the birthday of the god was for the world the beginning of joyful tidings which have been proclaimed on this account. This inscription is remarkably similar to Marks initial line and it clarifies the essential content of an evangel in the ancient world: an historical event which introduces a new situation for the world.. If these men received something wonderful in following Jesus, it was only right for them to give it to others, and to catch men into the same kingdom of God. with the exception of case endings, the suffixes and prepositions are not added to the basic word as in Hebrew, so these have not been been included in Luke 3:22 says, the Holy Spirit descended in bodily form like a dove upon Him. But the first is temporary. Now John was clothed with camels hair and with a leather belt around his waist, and he ate locusts and wild honey. 40 || Baptism (Lutheran Doctrine 907 || And straightway he called them: and they left their father Zebedee in the ship with the hired servants, and went after him. 4592 || (Mark 1:25-28) Jesus rebukes the spirit and gains great acclaim. But Simon's wife's mother lay sick of a fever, and anon they tell him of her. WebThe word Baptism is derived from the Greek word, bapto, or baptizo, to wash or to immerse. (Mark 1:32-34) Healing among a multitude. 4202 || As was the custom in some other Jewish ceremonial washings, John completely immersed those he baptized. Would you prayerfully consider a gift of support today? And Jesus said to them, You shall indeed drink of the cup that I drink of; and with the baptism that I am baptized with you shall be baptized: 3904 || Blue Letter Bible study tools make reading, searching and studying the Bible easy and rewarding. Jesus did this first to honor the law of God, but also as a testimony to the priests that an incurable disease had been cured. One indication of Peters influence is that Peter speaks very affectionately of Mark, referring to him as Mark my son in 1 Peter 5:13. i. Colossians 2:12 Buried with him in baptism, in which also you were raised with him through the faith of the working of God, who has raised him from the dead. We also know that John the Baptist saw the Holy Spirit coming down on Jesus (John 1:32). John 3:16, Jesus faith love), Select a Beginning Point And there was in their synagogue a man with an unclean spirit; and he cried out. It was a long time since he had felt a loving touch. King James Version, GenesisExodusLeviticusNumbersDeuteronomyJoshuaJudgesRuth1 Samuel2 Samuel1 Kings2 Kings1 Chronicles2 ChroniclesEzraNehemiahEstherJobPsalmsProverbsEcclesiastesSong of SongsIsaiahJeremiahLamentationsEzekielDanielHoseaJoelAmosObadiahJonahMicahNahumHabakkukZephaniahHaggaiZechariahMalachiMatthewMarkLukeJohnActsRomans1 Corinthians2 CorinthiansGalatiansEphesiansPhilippiansColossians1 Thessalonians2 Thessalonians1 Timothy2 TimothyTitusPhilemonHebrewsJames1 Peter2 Peter1 John2 John3 JohnJudeRevelation, Select an Ending Point Home Page || Hebrew Word Studies Index || Greek Word Studies Index || Greek Word Definitions Index || Bible Studies Index. 3466 || 4622 || Wisdom Literature ii. NAS: baptized with the baptism of repentance,KJV: baptized with the baptism of repentance,INT: John baptized [with] a baptism of repentance to the, Romans 6:4 N-GNSGRK: NAS: with Him through baptism into death,KJV: him by baptism into death:INT: by the baptism unto the, Ephesians 4:5 N-NNSGRK: NAS: faith, one baptism,KJV: faith, one baptism,INT: faith one baptism, 1 Peter 3:21 N-NNSGRK: NAS: Corresponding to that, baptism nowKJV: whereunto [even] baptism dothINT: now saves [the] baptism not of flesh. GREEK WORD STUDIES 'baptisma' meaning Jesus remains the unfallen, sinless one despite all the temptation, with authority over. And Simon and those who were with Him searched for Him. 10 And when he came up out of the water, immediately Major Prophets He did both things to express His solidarity with fallen man. 2936 || This word should not be confused with bapt (911). What more evidence do we need? Yet Jesus did not break that law, because as soon as He touched the man, he was no longer a leper. Strong's Number G907 matches the Greek (baptiz), So there would have been a need to distinguish Jesus baptismbaptism in the name of Jesusfrom all these other kinds of baptisms. i. The Gospels i. Mark 1 Mark was not one of the 12 disciples. Contrary to the expectations of most people in His day, Jesus brought a kingdom of love, not subjugation; of grace, not law; of humility, not pride; for all men, not only the Jews; to be received voluntarily by man, not imposed by force.